Descent and Approach Profile Management

Incorrect management of the descent-and-approach profile and/or aircraft energy condition may result in a loss of situational awareness; and/or an unstabilized approach. Either situation increases the risk of approach-and-landing accidents, including those involving controlled flight into terrain (CFIT)…. Continue Reading →

Crosswind landings

Operations in crosswind conditions require adherence to applicable limitations or recommended maximum crosswinds and recommended operational and handling techniques, particularly when operating on wet runways or runways contaminated by standing water, snow, slush or ice…. Continue Reading →

Braking devices

The Flight Safety Foundation (FSF) Approach-and-landing Accident Reduction (ALAR) Task Force found that delayed braking action during the landing roll-out was involved in some of the accidents and serious incidents in which slow/delayed crew action was a causal factor…. Continue Reading →

Bounced Recovery and Rejected Landing

A rejected landing (also called an aborted landing) is a go-around maneuver initiated after touchdown of the main landing gear. A rejected landing is a challenging maneuver and typically is recommended only when an aircraft bounces more than approximately five feet (1.5 meters) off the runway after touchdown… Continue Reading →

Being Prepared to Go-around

The importance of being go-around-prepared and being go around- minded must be emphasized, because a go-around is not a frequent occurrence. This requires having a clear mental image of applicable briefings, standard calls, sequences of actions, task sharing and cross-checking, and being prepared to abandon the approach if requirements are not met…. Continue Reading →

Automation

The Flight Safety Foundation Approach-and-landing Accident Reduction (ALAR) Task Force found that inadequate flight crew interaction with automatic flight systems was a causal factor 1 in 20 percent of 76 approach-and-landing accidents and serious incidents worldwide…. Continue Reading →

Approach Hazards Overview

Few air transport accidents occur on calm sunny days; risk increases during flight over hilly terrain, with reduced visibility, adverse winds, contaminated runways and limited approach aids. Visual illusions also can contribute to approach and landing accidents…. Continue Reading →

Altitude Deviations

Altitude deviations may result in substantial loss of aircraft vertical separation or horizontal separation, which could cause a midair collision. Maneuvers to avoid other aircraft often result in injuries to passengers, flight crewmembers and, particularly, to cabin crewmembers…. Continue Reading →